Difference between TypeScript and JavaScript: When it comes to front-end web development, JavaScript and TypeScript are two of the most popular programming languages used today. While JavaScript has been the go-to language for creating interactive web pages and adding dynamic features to web applications, TypeScript has gained significant traction as an extension of JavaScript that offers optional static typing, classes, and interfaces.
TypeScript vs Javascript: What’s The Difference?
In this article, we have explored the top 50 differences between TypeScript and JavaScript, often referred to as TypeScript vs JavaScript or JavaScript vs TypeScript, to help you choose the right language for your next web development project. From their syntax and data types to their performance and tooling support, we will cover everything you need to know about the difference between TypeScript and JavaScript.
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Comparison of JavaScript and TypeScript
What is JavaScript?
JavaScript is a dynamic, high-level, interpreted programming language that is used to create interactive and dynamic web pages. It was developed by Netscape in 1995 and has since become one of the most widely used programming languages on the web. JavaScript allows web developers to add interactivity, animation, and dynamic content to web pages by manipulating the Document Object Model (DOM) and responding to user events. It is also used on the server-side through platforms such as Node.js to create web servers and other backend applications. JavaScript has a vast and active developer community, with numerous libraries and frameworks available for use.
What is TypeScript?
TypeScript is a free, open-source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a superset of JavaScript, which means that any valid JavaScript code is also valid TypeScript code. TypeScript adds optional static typing, classes, interfaces, and other object-oriented features to JavaScript, making it more suitable for large-scale, complex applications. It provides developers with improved tooling and error-checking, which results in fewer bugs and better code quality. TypeScript code is compiled to JavaScript, which can then run on any modern browser or Node.js environment. TypeScript is becoming increasingly popular among web developers, particularly those working on larger applications.
Top 50 Differences Between JavaScript and TypeScript
| S.No. | JavaScript | TypeScript |
| 1 | Dynamic typing | Static typing |
| 2 | Weakly typed | Strongly typed |
| 3 | No compile-time type checking | Compile-time type checking |
| 4 | Uses var to declare variables | Uses let and const to declare variables |
| 5 | No built-in support for modules | Has built-in support for modules |
| 6 | No optional parameters | Has optional parameters |
| 7 | No parameter type annotations | Has parameter type annotations |
| 8 | No return type annotations | Has return type annotations |
| 9 | No private, protected, or public access modifiers | Has private, protected, and public access modifiers |
| 10 | No class-based inheritance | Has class-based inheritance |
| 11 | No interface support | Has interface support |
| 12 | No namespace support | Has namespace support |
| 13 | No enum support | Has enum support |
| 14 | No tuple support | Has tuple support |
| 15 | No nullability checking | Has nullability checking |
| 16 | No readonly properties | Has readonly properties |
| 17 | No abstract classes | Has abstract classes |
| 18 | No intersection types | Has intersection types |
| 19 | No union types | Has union types |
| 20 | No type aliases | Has type aliases |
| 21 | No type guards | Has type guards |
| 22 | No type inference for variables | Has type inference for variables |
| 23 | No type inference for functions | Has type inference for functions |
| 24 | No type inference for return values | Has type inference for return values |
| 25 | No type inference for object literals | Has type inference for object literals |
| 26 | No type inference for array literals | Has type inference for array literals |
| 27 | No optional chaining operator | Has optional chaining operator |
| 28 | No nullish coalescing operator | Has nullish coalescing operator |
| 29 | No non-null assertion operator | Has non-null assertion operator |
| 30 | No default parameter values | Has default parameter values |
| 31 | No rest parameters | Has rest parameters |
| 32 | No spread operator for objects | Has spread operator for objects |
| 33 | No spread operator for arrays | Has spread operator for arrays |
| 34 | No template literals | Has template literals |
| 35 | No destructuring assignment | Has destructuring assignment |
| 36 | No arrow functions | Has arrow functions |
| 37 | No generators | Has generators |
| 38 | No async/await | Has async/await |
| 39 | No for/of loop | Has for/of loop |
| 40 | No array methods like map, filter, reduce, etc. | Has array methods like map, filter, reduce, etc. |
| 41 | No string methods like toUpperCase, toLowerCase, etc. | Has string methods like toUpperCase, toLowerCase, etc. |
| 42 | No number methods like toFixed, toPrecision, etc. | Has number methods like toFixed, toPrecision, etc. |
| 43 | No object methods like toString, hasOwnProperty, etc. | Has object methods like toString, hasOwnProperty, etc. |
| 44 | No Math object methods like random, max, min, etc. | Has Math object methods like random, |
| 45 | No support for decorators | Has support for decorators |
| 46 | No Date object methods like getFullYear, getMonth, etc. | Has Date object methods like getFullYear, getMonth, etc. |
| 47 | No RegExp object methods like exec, test, etc. | Has RegExp object methods like exec, test, etc. |
| 48 | No Error object properties like name, message, etc. | Has Error object properties like name, message, etc. |
| 49 | No global type definitions | Has global type definitions |
| 50 | No strict mode | Has strict mode |
TypeScript Vs JavaScript | Conclusion
JavaScript and TypeScript are two of the most popular programming languages used in web development, with JavaScript being the more widely used and accessible language. Known for its dynamic and loosely-typed nature, JavaScript is easy to learn and widely supported, making it a popular choice for front-end development. On the other hand, TypeScript is a statically-typed language that offers additional features such as optional static typing, classes, and interfaces to improve code quality and reliability. With its ability to catch errors before runtime and improve code navigation, TypeScript is gaining popularity among developers. The choice between JavaScript and TypeScript ultimately depends on the needs of the project and the preferences of the developer.
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