MariaDB Technical Interview Questions: MariaDB is an open-source relational database management system that has gained widespread popularity in recent years due to its scalability, security, and compatibility with MySQL. As organizations continue to adopt MariaDB for their database management needs, the demand for skilled professionals in this field has increased significantly. If you are preparing for a technical interview focused on MariaDB, it is essential to have a solid understanding of the latest MariaDB interview questions and answers, especially if you are a fresher.
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MariaDB Interview Questions and Answers
In this article, we have compiled a comprehensive list of the top 100 MariaDB interview questions and answers, covering a wide range of topics, including database design, administration, optimization, and troubleshooting. Whether you are a seasoned professional or just starting in your career, these MariaDB Interview Questions for Freshers will help you prepare for your next interview and land your dream job.
Top 100 MariaDB Interview Questions and Answers 2023
1. What is MariaDB?
- MariaDB is a community-based, open source project developed by MySQL developers, providing similar features to MySQL.
- It is a relational database management system used for a wide range of applications, from banking to websites.
- MariaDB offers fast, scalable, and robust performance, making it a versatile solution for various use cases.
- Its ecosystem includes a range of storage engines, plugins, and other tools to support different application needs.
- The latest version of MariaDB, version 10.4, includes additional features such as GIS and JSON support.
- MariaDB can turn data into structured information and support a broad range of applications.
2. What is the difference between MariaDB and MySQL?
Answer: MariaDB is a fork of MySQL, meaning that it is based on the same codebase as MySQL. However, MariaDB has additional features and improvements that are not found in MySQL.
3. What are the advantages of using MariaDB?
Answer: Some of the advantages of using MariaDB include improved performance, increased scalability, and enhanced security features.
4. What are the main features of MariaDB?
- MariaDB is a database management system that offers similar features to MySQL, but with added extensions.
- It can operate on various operating systems and supports a wide range of programming languages.
- The software is available under multiple licenses, including GPL, LGPL, or BSD.
- MariaDB uses a popular query language and adheres to industry standards.
- Galera cluster technology is a feature included in MariaDB, which enables distributed databases to work synchronously and offer high availability.
- MariaDB is optimized for use with PHP, the most widely used programming language for web development.
- The database system supports numerous storage engines, including those designed to work with other relational databases.
- MariaDB includes several commands and operations not found in MySQL, and it replaces features that can affect performance negatively.
- The speed of MariaDB is one of its main selling points. It can scale to handle tens of thousands of tables and billions of rows of data.
5. What is the default storage engine used in MariaDB?
Answer: The default storage engine used in MariaDB is InnoDB.
6. How do you create a user account in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a user account in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
| CREATE USER ‘username’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’; |
7. How do you install MariaDB?
Answer: MariaDB can be installed using a package manager or downloaded from the MariaDB website.
8. How do you create a database in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a database in MariaDB, you can use the CREATE DATABASE statement.
9. How to use database in MariaDB?
- The USE DATABASE command is used in MariaDB to select and utilize a database.
- When the statement ‘USE db-name’ is executed, MariaDB sets the db_name database as the default (or current) database for all subsequent statements.
- The database remains as the default until the end of the session or another USE statement is executed.
- This command is useful for when working with multiple databases in the same MariaDB instance.
- By selecting a specific database with the USE statement, subsequent statements can directly interact with the desired database.
- The USE DATABASE command in MariaDB helps in streamlining database operations and improving efficiency.
Syntax:
| USE database_name; |
Example:
| USE student; SELECT COUNT (*) FROM mytable; # selects from student.mytable USE faculty; SELECT COUNT (*) FROM mytable; # selects from faculty.mytable The DATABASE () and SCHEMA () returns the default database. |
10. How do you create a table in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a table in MariaDB, you can use the CREATE TABLE statement.
11. How do you grant privileges to a user in MariaDB?
Answer: To grant privileges to a user in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
| GRANT privilege1, privilege2 ON database_name.* TO ‘username’@’localhost’; |
12. How do you insert data into a table in MariaDB?
Answer: To insert data into a table in MariaDB, you can use the INSERT statement.
13. How do you update data in a table in MariaDB?
Answer: To update data in a table in MariaDB, you can use the UPDATE statement.
14. How do you revoke privileges from a user in MariaDB?
Answer: To revoke privileges from a user in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
REVOKE privilege1, privilege2 ON database_name.* FROM ‘username’@’localhost’;
15. How do you delete data from a table in MariaDB?
Answer: To delete data from a table in MariaDB, you can use the DELETE statement.
16. What is a primary key in MariaDB?
Answer: A primary key in MariaDB is a column or set of columns that uniquely identify each row in a table.
17. How do you create a view in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a view in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
| CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column1, column2 FROM table_name WHERE condition; |
18. How do you create a primary key in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a primary key in MariaDB, you can use the PRIMARY KEY constraint in the CREATE TABLE statement.
19. What is a foreign key in MariaDB?
Answer: A foreign key in MariaDB is a column or set of columns that refers to the primary key of another table.
20. How do you create a stored procedure in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a stored procedure in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
| CREATE PROCEDURE procedure_name() BEGIN — procedure code here END; |
21. How do you create a foreign key in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a foreign key in MariaDB, you can use the FOREIGN KEY constraint in the CREATE TABLE statement.
22. What is a stored procedure in MariaDB?
Answer: A stored procedure in MariaDB is a precompiled set of SQL statements that can be executed on demand.
23. How do you create a stored procedure in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a stored procedure in MariaDB, you can use the CREATE PROCEDURE statement.
24. How do you call a stored procedure in MariaDB?
Answer: To call a stored procedure in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
| CALL procedure_name(); |
25. What is a trigger in MariaDB?
Answer: A trigger in MariaDB is a set of actions that are automatically executed in response to certain database events.
26. How do you create a trigger in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a trigger in MariaDB, you can use the CREATE TRIGGER statement.
27. What is a view in MariaDB?
Answer: A view in MariaDB is a virtual table that is based on the result of a SELECT statement.
28. How do you create a view in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a view in MariaDB, you can use the CREATE VIEW statement.
29. What is a subquery in MariaDB?
Answer: A subquery in MariaDB is a query that is nested inside another query.
30. How do you create a trigger in MariaDB?
Answer: To create a trigger in MariaDB, you can use the following syntax:
| CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name BEFORE/AFTER INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE ON table_name FOR EACH ROW BEGIN — trigger code here END; |
31. How do you write a subquery in MariaDB?
Answer: To write a subquery in MariaDB, you can enclose the query in parentheses and use it as an expression in another query.
32. What is the difference between a subquery and a join in MariaDB?
Answer: A subquery is a query that is nested inside another query and is used to retrieve a set of values to be used in the outer query. A join is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.
33. What is the difference between a left join and an inner join in MariaDB?
Answer: A left join in MariaDB returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table, while an inner join returns only the matched rows from both tables.
34. What is normalization in MariaDB?
Answer: Normalization in MariaDB is the process of organizing data in a database to minimize redundancy and dependency.
35. What are the different forms of normalization in MariaDB?
Answer: The different forms of normalization in MariaDB are first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF).
36. What is a transaction in MariaDB?
Answer: A transaction in MariaDB is a series of database operations that must be executed as a single unit of work.
37. What is the purpose of the COMMIT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The COMMIT statement in MariaDB is used to save the changes made in a transaction to the database.
38. What is the purpose of the ROLLBACK statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The ROLLBACK statement in MariaDB is used to undo the changes made in a transaction and restore the database to its previous state.
39. What is a deadlock in MariaDB?
Answer: A deadlock in MariaDB occurs when two or more transactions are waiting for each other to release a resource.
40. What is the purpose of the SHOW statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW statement in MariaDB is used to display information about databases, tables, columns, and other objects in the database.
41. What is the purpose of the DESCRIBE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The DESCRIBE statement in MariaDB is used to display information about the columns of a table.
42. What is the purpose of the EXPLAIN statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The EXPLAIN statement in MariaDB is used to display information about how a query will be executed by the database.
43. What is the purpose of the OPTIMIZE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The OPTIMIZE statement in MariaDB is used to optimize the performance of a table by reorganizing its data.
44. What is the purpose of the ANALYZE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The ANALYZE statement in MariaDB is used to analyze the distribution of data in a table and update the statistics used by the database optimizer.
45. What is the purpose of the SHOW PROCESSLIST statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW PROCESSLIST statement in MariaDB is used to display information about the active database connections and their associated processes.
46. What is the purpose of the KILL statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The KILL statement in MariaDB is used to terminate an active database connection.
47. What is the purpose of the mysqldump utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysqldump utility in MariaDB is used to create a backup of a database or a set of tables.
48. What is the purpose of the mysqlimport utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysqlimport utility in MariaDB is used to import data from a file into a database or a table.
49. What is the purpose of the mysqlcheck utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysqlcheck utility in MariaDB is used to check, repair, or optimize tables in a database.
50. What is the purpose of the mysqladmin utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysqladmin utility in MariaDB is used to perform administrative tasks such as creating or dropping databases, reloading privileges, and shutting down the server.
51. What is the purpose of the mysql_upgrade utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysql_upgrade utility in MariaDB is used to upgrade the database schema to the latest version.
52. What is the purpose of the mysqlbinlog utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysqlbinlog utility in MariaDB is used to read binary log files and display the SQL statements that were executed on the server.
53. What is the purpose of the mysqlshow utility in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysqlshow utility in MariaDB is used to display information about databases, tables, and columns.
54. What is the purpose of the mysql_secure_installation script in MariaDB?
Answer: The mysql_secure_installation script in MariaDB is used to secure the installation by setting a root password, removing anonymous users, and disabling remote access to the root account.
55. What is the difference between a user and a role in MariaDB?
Answer: A user in MariaDB is an account that is used to access the database, while a role is a collection of privileges that can be granted to multiple users.
56. What is the purpose of the GRANT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The GRANT statement in MariaDB is used to grant privileges to users or roles.
57. What is the purpose of the REVOKE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The REVOKE statement in MariaDB is used to revoke privileges from users or roles.
58. What is the purpose of the SHOW GRANTS statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW GRANTS statement in MariaDB is used to display the privileges granted to a user or a role.
59. What is the purpose of the SET PASSWORD statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SET PASSWORD statement in MariaDB is used to set or change the password for a user account.
60. What is the purpose of the ALTER USER statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The ALTER USER statement in MariaDB is used to modify the properties of a user account, such as the password, the maximum number of connections, and the resource limits.
61. What is the purpose of the CREATE ROLE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The CREATE ROLE statement in MariaDB is used to create a new role with a set of privileges.
62. What is the purpose of the DROP ROLE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The DROP ROLE statement in MariaDB is used to delete a role and revoke its privileges.
63. What is the purpose of the SET ROLE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SET ROLE statement in MariaDB is used to activate a role for the current session.
64. What is the purpose of the SHOW ROLE GRANTS statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW ROLE GRANTS statement in MariaDB is used to display the privileges granted to a role.
65. What is the purpose of the SET GLOBAL statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SET GLOBAL statement in MariaDB is used to set a global system variable that affects the behavior of the server for all clients.
66. What is the purpose of the SET SESSION statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SET SESSION statement in MariaDB is used to set a session variable that affects the behavior of the current session.
67. What is the purpose of the SHOW VARIABLES statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW VARIABLES statement in MariaDB is used to display the current values of system variables.
68. What is the purpose of the SHOW STATUS statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW STATUS statement in MariaDB is used to display the current server status variables.
69. What is the purpose of the SET SQL_LOG_BIN statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SET SQL_LOG_BIN statement in MariaDB is used to control whether a statement should be logged in the binary log.
70. What is the purpose of the SHOW BINARY LOGS statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW BINARY LOGS statement in MariaDB is used to display the list of available binary log files.
71. What is the purpose of the FLUSH statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The FLUSH statement in MariaDB is used to synchronize the server’s state with disk or other storage.
72. What is the purpose of the SHOW ENGINE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW ENGINE statement in MariaDB is used to display information about the storage engines that are installed.
73. What is the purpose of the ALTER TABLE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The ALTER TABLE statement in MariaDB is used to modify the structure of a table, such as adding or dropping columns, changing column types, or adding or removing indexes.
74. What is the purpose of the CREATE INDEX statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The CREATE INDEX statement in MariaDB is used to create an index on one or more columns of a table to speed up queries.
75. What is the purpose of the DROP INDEX statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The DROP INDEX statement in MariaDB is used to remove an index from a table.
76. What is the purpose of the SHOW INDEX statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW INDEX statement in MariaDB is used to display information about the indexes that are defined on a table.
77. What is the purpose of the HANDLER statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The HANDLER statement in MariaDB is used to open a table and perform low-level operations on it, such as scanning or updating rows.
78. What is the purpose of the INSERT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The INSERT statement in MariaDB is used to insert one or more rows into a table.
79. What is the purpose of the UPDATE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The UPDATE statement in MariaDB is used to modify one or more rows in a table.
80. What is the purpose of the DELETE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The DELETE statement in MariaDB is used to remove one or more rows from a table.
81. What is the purpose of the SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to retrieve data from one or more tables based on a set of conditions.
82. What is the purpose of the GROUP BY clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The GROUP BY clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to group the rows returned by the query based on one or more columns.
83. What is the purpose of the HAVING clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The HAVING clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to filter the results of a GROUP BY operation based on a condition.
84. What is the purpose of the ORDER BY clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The ORDER BY clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to sort the rows returned by the query based on one or more columns.
85. What is the purpose of the LIMIT clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The LIMIT clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to limit the number of rows returned by the query.
86. What is the purpose of the JOIN clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The JOIN clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to combine data from two or more tables based on a common column.
87. What are the different types of JOINs supported by MariaDB?
Answer: The different types of JOINs supported by MariaDB are INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL OUTER JOIN.
88. What is the purpose of the UNION clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The UNION clause in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to combine the results of two or more SELECT statements into a single result set.
89. What is the purpose of the EXISTS operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The EXISTS operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to test whether a subquery returns any rows.
90. What is the purpose of the IN operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The IN operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to test whether a value is contained in a set of values.
91. What is the purpose of the LIKE operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The LIKE operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to test whether a string matches a pattern.
92. What is the purpose of the NOT operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The NOT operator in a SELECT statement in MariaDB is used to negate a condition.
93. What is the purpose of the CASE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The CASE statement in MariaDB is used to perform conditional logic in a SELECT statement.
94. What is the purpose of the TRIGGER statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The TRIGGER statement in MariaDB is used to define a set of actions that are automatically executed when a certain event occurs in a table.
95. What is the purpose of the VIEW statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The VIEW statement in MariaDB is used to create a virtual table that is based on the result set of a SELECT statement.
96. What is the purpose of the CREATE USER statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The CREATE USER statement in MariaDB is used to create a new user account.
97. What is the purpose of the DROP USER statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The DROP USER statement in MariaDB is used to remove a user account.
98. What is the purpose of the SHOW DATABASES statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The SHOW DATABASES statement in MariaDB is used to display a list of databases that are available on the server.
99. What is the purpose of the CREATE DATABASE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The CREATE DATABASE statement in MariaDB is used to create a new database on the server.
100. What is the purpose of the DROP DATABASE statement in MariaDB?
Answer: The DROP DATABASE statement in MariaDB is used to remove a database from the server.
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